Introduction to the Problem

Managing concurrency in financial transaction systems is one of the most complex challenges faced by developers and system architects. Concurrency issues arise when multiple transactions are processed simultaneously, which can lead to potential conflicts and data inconsistencies. These issues manifest in various forms, such as overdrawn accounts, duplicate transactions, or mismatched records, all of which can severely undermine the system’s reliability and trustworthiness.

In the financial world, where the stakes are exceptionally high, even a single error can result in significant financial losses, regulatory violations, and reputational damage to the organization. Consequently, it is critical to implement robust mechanisms to handle concurrency effectively, ensuring the system’s integrity and reliability.